Data Streams

Data Streams in Java with examples:

1. Data Streams:

   - Data streams are used for reading and writing primitive data types and strings from and to a source.

   - They are more efficient than byte streams when working with primitive data types.

2. DataInputStream and DataOutputStream:

   - `DataInputStream` and `DataOutputStream` are classes in Java that provide methods for reading and writing primitive data types and strings.

   - These classes wrap byte streams and provide methods like `readInt()`, `writeDouble()`, `readUTF()`, etc.

   Example (Writing to a DataOutputStream):

   import java.io.*;

   public class DataOutputStreamExample {

       public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {

           DataOutputStream dos = new DataOutputStream(new FileOutputStream("data.txt"));

           dos.writeInt(42);

           dos.writeDouble(3.14);

           dos.writeUTF("Hello, world!");

           dos.close();

       }

   }

   Example (Reading from a DataInputStream):

   import java.io.*;

   public class DataInputStreamExample {

       public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {

           DataInputStream dis = new DataInputStream(new FileInputStream("data.txt"));

           int intValue = dis.readInt();

           double doubleValue = dis.readDouble();

           String stringValue = dis.readUTF();

           dis.close();

           System.out.println("Int value: " + intValue);

           System.out.println("Double value: " + doubleValue);

           System.out.println("String value: " + stringValue);

       }

   }

   Explanation:

   - In the first example, we write an integer, a double, and a string to a `DataOutputStream`.

   - In the second example, we read the data back from the `DataInputStream` in the same order.

These examples demonstrate how to use `DataInputStream` and `DataOutputStream` to read and write primitive data types and strings in Java. They are useful for efficiently handling data in binary format.