What is a Constructor in Java? In Java, a constructor is a special type of method that is used to initialize objects. When you create an object of a class, the constructor is called automatically. Its main job is to set the initial values of the object’s properties or perform any setup that the object needs before it can be used. Why Do We Need Constructors? You need constructors because: Initialization : Constructors are responsible for initializing an object when it is created. Automatic Execution : A constructor is automatically called when an object is created, so you don’t have to manually initialize every property. Simplifying Object Creation : It simplifies object creation by providing default values or custom initialization. Where Do Constructors Fit in Java? Constructors fit within a class. They are used whenever a new object of that class is created, and they allow the object to be initialized. Constructors must have the same name as the class, and they don't have a re...
Method Overloading in Java
Method Overloading is a feature in Java that allows a class to have multiple methods with the same name but different parameter lists. The methods can have a different number or types of parameters. The decision on which method to invoke is made by the compiler based on the arguments provided during the method call.
Example:
public class Calculator {
// Method to add two integers
public int add(int a, int b) {
return a + b;
}
// Method to add three integers
public int add(int a, int b, int c) {
return a + b + c;
}
// Method to add two doubles
public double add(double a, double b) {
return a + b;
}
// Method to concatenate two strings
public String concatenate(String str1, String str2) {
return str1 + str2;
}
}
Method Overloading in Action:
public class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Calculator calculator = new Calculator();
// Overloaded methods for addition
int sum1 = calculator.add(5, 10);
int sum2 = calculator.add(2, 3, 5);
// Overloaded method for addition with doubles
double doubleSum = calculator.add(2.5, 3.7);
// Overloaded method for string concatenation
String result = calculator.concatenate("Hello, ", "World!");
// Displaying Results
System.out.println("Sum of two integers: " + sum1);
System.out.println("Sum of three integers: " + sum2);
System.out.println("Sum of two doubles: " + doubleSum);
System.out.println("Concatenated string: " + result);
}
}
In this example, the `Calculator` class demonstrates method overloading:
- Two methods for integer addition with different parameter counts.
- A method for double addition with a different parameter type.
- A method for string concatenation.
During the method calls in the `Main` class, the compiler determines the appropriate method to invoke based on the number and types of arguments passed. Method overloading enhances code readability and provides flexibility when dealing with different data types or varying numbers of parameters.
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