Socket communication in Java enables communication between two endpoints over a network. There are two main types of sockets: TCP sockets and UDP sockets. Let's explain both types with examples: TCP Socket Communication: 1. **Server Side**: - The server creates a `ServerSocket` object to listen for incoming connections on a specific port. - When a client connects, the server accepts the connection and creates a `Socket` object to communicate with the client. - The server reads from and writes to the socket's input and output streams to communicate with the client. import java.io.*; import java.net.*; public class TCPServer { public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException { ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(12345); System.out.println("Server started. Waiting for client..."); Socket clientSocket = serverSocket.accept(); System.out.println("Client connected."); BufferedReader in = new Bu
Thread interruptions and synchronization are important concepts in Java concurrency for managing and controlling the execution of threads in a multi-threaded environment. Thread Interruptions: 1. Interrupting Threads: - Java provides a mechanism to interrupt a thread's execution using the `interrupt()` method. - When a thread is interrupted, it receives an `InterruptedException` which can be caught and handled. 2. Handling Interruptions: - Threads can check whether they have been interrupted using the `interrupted()` method or `isInterrupted()` method. - They can respond to interruptions by gracefully stopping their execution or cleaning up resources. 3. Interrupting Thread Execution: - Interrupted threads should clean up resources and terminate their execution in a controlled manner. Synchronization: 1. Thread Safety: - Synchronization ensures that multiple threads can safely access shared resources without interference or data corruption. - It prevents race